This course introduces fundamentals of database design, development, and analysis for Geographic Information Systems. Emphasis is on geospatial data and suitable database designs, and on database administration for GIS Enterprise. Topics include requirements engineering for geo-databases, database design using the Entity-Relationship model, object-relational database implementation, database normalization, database optimization, data handling, security risk management, and IT auditing. Database technologies will be demonstrated with two Spatial Database Management Systems: PostgreSQL/PostGIS and ArcGIS Server/Enterprise. Database programming will make use of Python, SQL, and Procedural SQL in PostGIS. A business case is developed as part of coursework, to train the student in the database lifecycle that supports organizational operations, planning, and data management in GIS. (Prerequisites: GIST 417)